Ilmu nahwu (نحو) menurut Ibnu Faris dalam kitabnya Maqoyiisul Lughah menyebutkan terdiri dari 3 huruf hijaiyyah yaitu ( ن – ه – و ) merupakan kalimat yang menunjukkan kepada qosad atau maksud. Memaksudkan maksudnya. Sehingga dinamakan maksud kalam (kata), karena ia memberi maksud dasar kata, berkata-kata sebagaimana orang Arab berbicara, bahkan di Arab ada sebuah kaum bernama Bani Nahwin.
Syeikh Ibrahim Mustafa dalam kitabnya Ihya’ An-nahwi ( إحياء النحو ) berpendapat bahwa para ulama ahli nahwu memberi definisi ilmu nahwu sebagai ilmu untuk mengenal keadaan akhir kata dalam bahasa Arab, baik itu i’rob maupun bina‘.
علم النحو هو علم يُعرف به أحْوَال الأَواخرِ الكلام إعرابًا أو بِناءً
Syeikh Ibrahim Mustafa dalam kitabnya Ihya’ An-nahwi ( إحياء النحو ) berpendapat bahwa para ulama ahli nahwu memberi definisi ilmu nahwu sebagai ilmu untuk mengenal keadaan akhir kata dalam bahasa Arab, baik itu i’rob maupun bina‘
Semua orang tentu berbicara dengan bahasa mereka masing-masing. Namun perlu dicatat apa pun bahasanya khususnya bahasa Arab, orang yang berbicaranya harus paham 2 hal yang sangat penting. Pertama ia harus paham makna kosakata yang ia gunakan kedua ia harus paham aturan tata bahasanya. Pemahaman pertama di dapat dengan memepelajari ilmu bahasa sedangkan pemahaman yang kedua didapat dari mempelajari ilmu nahwu.
Dikatakan orang Ilmu nahwu itu ibarat ilmu Matematika sedangkan Ilmu saraf ibarat ilmu Kimia.
Maka, ilmu nahwu tidak bisa dipisahkan dengan ilmu saraf, kedua ilmu ini adalah pintu utama dalam memahami baca, tulis dan bicara Arab. Berbeda dengan ilmu nahwu, ilmu saraf adalah ilmu yang mempelajari perubahan kata bahasa arab yang tidak ditinjau dari i’rob.
• Ilmu Nahwu adalah ilmu yang mempelajari tentang keadaan akhir kata dalam bahasa Arab baik itu dalam keadaan i’rob maupun bina.
• Ilmu Nahwu membahas tentang huruf akhir dalam sebuah kata bahasa arab setelah masuk dalam kalimat.
• Ilmu Nahwu adalah ilmu yang mempelajari tentang hukum tata bahasa atau grammar bahasa Arab.
• Tujuan akhir mempelajari ilmu nahwu adalah mengetahui i’rob sebuah kata dan merincikan hukumnya,
• Sehingga Ilmu Nahwu disebut juga Ilmu I’rob.
Manfaat Penting Mempelajari Ilmu Nahwu
1. Untuk memahami Al-qur’an, Dikarenakan Al-qur’an berbahasa arab dan jalan memahami bahasa arab adalah Nahwu dan Sorof. Sekalipun memahami Al-qur’an dibutuhkan pemahaman ilmu tafsir dan ilmu yang lain, ilmu nahwu juga dianggap penting karena munculnya ilmu nahwu adalah dari Al-qur’an Al-Karim.
2. Sebagai jalan memahami ilmu-ilmu agama, hampir seluruh sumber ajaran agama Islam ditulis dalam bahasa Arab, walaupun sekarang sudah ada yang diterjemahkan kedalam bahasa Indonesia, tetapi masih banyak literatur asli yang masih tertulis dalam bahasa Arab, sehingga dengan mempelajari ilmu nahwu juga ilmu saraf bisa membuka pemahaman ilmu-ilmu yang lain.
3. Mampu membedakan mana kata dan kalimat yang benar dan mana yang salah.
4. Jalan memahami dan meniru bahasa Arab.
5. Memperbagus cara bicara dengan baik dan benar.
6. Menjaga keaslian sumber ajaran islam.
7. Meningkatkan perkembangan bahasa.
8. Mampu membaca kitab gundul atau kitab yang tidak berbaris.
9. Memiliki dalil yang jelas dalam membaca atau berbicara Arab.
10. Menghindari kesalahan dalam segi susunan kalimat Arab.
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