Nasab Imam Syafi’i
Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Idris bin ‘Abbas bin Utsman bin Syaafi’ bin Saaib bin Ubaid bin Abdu Yazid bin Hasyim bin Muthallib bin Abdi Manaf bin Qusay.
Imam Syafi’i digelar Al-Imam dan Al-Faqih. Beliau juga diberi nisbah Al-Quraisy karena nasab beliau merupakan keturunan suku qurisy. Al-Muthalliby karena buyut beliau adalah keluarga muthallib. Asy-Syafi’i karena kakek beliau bernama Syafi’. Al-Hijazy karena beliau putra asli hijaz. Al-Makki karena beliau memiliki darah keturunan penduduk asli mekkah.
Kakek Imam Syafi’i bernama Syafi’ adalah salah satu sahabat Rasulullah Shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam. Ayah Syafi’ bernama Sa’ib merupakan salah seorang tawanan pada perang badar. Ia merupakan seorang yang musyrik pada saat itu, namun kemudian masuk Islam setelah menebus dirinya sendiri dari status sebagai tawanan perang.
Nasab Imam Syafi’i bertemu dengan nasab Rasulullah pada garis keturunan Abdi Manaf. Anaknya Syafi’ merupakan salah satu tabi’in.
Ibu Imam Syafi’i bernama Syaffa’ (شَفَّاء) binti Arqam bin Nazlah, salah seorang saudara Abdul Muthallib dari bani hasyim.
Ibu Imam Syafi’i merupakan penduduk asli Yaman dari suku Azad. Bani Azad terkenal sebagai keturunan paling bersih dari segi kesucian.
Banyak hadits yang menyebutkan keutamaan suku qurisy dari Makkah dan suku Azad dari Yaman.
Kelahiran dan Masa Kecil Imam Asy-Syafi’i
Imam kita Imam Syafi’i dilahirkan di Gaza, Palestina pada tahun 150 hijriah. Tahun yang sama Imam Abu Hanifah wafat.
Gaza, Palestina merupakan satu diantara beberapa negeri yang disucikan dan diberkahi oleh Allah SWT, karena merupakan kampung halaman dan negeri terakhir para nabi sebelum wafat. Juga karena Gaza hanya berjarak dua marhalah dari Baitul Maqdis yang merupakan kiblat pertama ummat muslim.
Gaza bukanlah tempat menetapnya orang tua Imam Syafi’i, orang tua beliau merupakan pendatang ke Gaza karena ada suatu kebutuhan yang sedikit lama, dan Imam Syafi’i lahir ketika itu.
Ayah Imam Syafi’i wafat di Gaza pada saat Imam Syafi’i masih kecil belum genap umur beliau 2 tahun. Sepeninggal ayah beliau, Ibu Imam Syafi’i membawa beliau ke Makkah ketimbang pulang ke kampung halaman beliau di Azad, Yaman.
Alasan ibu Imam Syafi’i membawa beliau ke Mekkah setelah meninggal ayah, karena ibunda Imam Syafi’i khawatir garis keturunan imam Syafi’i dengan keluarga di Makkah hilang. Kehidupan Imam Syafi’i di Makkah ditanggung Baitul Mal karena beliau masih keturunan Nabi SAW, sehingga beliau berhak mendapatkan sebagian dari harta kaum muslimin.
Perjalanan Imam Syafi’i ke Makkah dengan ibu beliau adalah perjalanan pertama dalam hidup beliau yang kemudian dipenuhi dengan pengembaraan dan perjalanan kesana-sini mencari ilmu.
Imam Syafi’i tumbuh besar di Makkah sebagai seorang anak yatim lagi fakir dan dikelilingi dengan kehormatan dan kemuliaan.
Seseorang yang hidup dalam keadaan fakir namun memiliki garis keturunan yang tinggi dan mulia membuat seseorang tersebut tumbuh sebagai seorang yang berakhlak mulia dan memiliki jalan hidup yang terhormat.
Karena nasab garis keturunan beliau yang tinggi dan terhormat tersebut beliau banyak menjalani perkara-perkara yang mulia, sementara kehidupan beliau yang sulit membuat beliau peka dan merasakan juga pengalaman-pengalam kehidupan yang bernilai di tengah masyarakat.
Kepekaan terhadap perasaan orang lain merupakan suatu hal yang krusial jika seseorang terjun ke dalam masyarakat dan menghadapi banyak orang dengan latar yang beraneka ragam. Tidak hanya dalam kehidupan Imam kita Imam Syafi’i tapi juga dalam kehidupan kita dewasa ini.
Sejak Imam Syafi’i masih kecil tanda-tanda keilmuan dan kecerdasan sudah sangat menonjol, hingga ketika beliau masuk sekolah agama beliau tidak dipungut biaya seperti halnya anak-anak yang lain, karena imam Syafi’i sering menggantikan guru beliau untuk mengajarkan anak-anak yang lain.
Imam Syafi’i memiliki ingatan yang sangat kuat, sampai-sampai apapun yang beliau hafal tidak pernah beliau lupakan walaupun satu huruf.
Sekian, semoga bermanfaat….
artikel ini merupakan hasil terjemhan dari kitab Tashil Fathul Mu’in
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