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Ghoorib.com | Sejarah Maulid Nabi

Sejarah Maulid Nabi

Kisah Maulid Nabi Di bulan Rabiul Awal (disebut juga dengan bulan Maulid atau Mulud) umat Islam merayakan hari lahir Nabi Muhammad SAW dengan cara yang berbeda-beda khususnya di Indonesia.

Biasanya dalam perayaan Maulid Nabi ada bacaan Maulid Nabi. Ada yang membaca Maulid Diba Syaraful Anam Burdah untuk Barzanji. Buku maulid disini mengacu pada peniruan gambar Rasulullah SAW. Perayaan Maulid Nabi sudah seperti tradisi yang tidak bisa ditinggalkan setiap tahunnya. Ada juga yang ingin menyisihkan sebagian hartanya dari jauh untuk merayakan Maulid Nabi.

Selain pro dan kontra merayakan Maulid Nabi yang menarik untuk dicermati adalah sejarah perayaan Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW. Bagaimana sejarahnya Perayaan Maulid Nabi konon dimulai dalam Islam pada abad ke-2 Masehi. Pandangan ini didokumentasikan dalam Sejarah Maulid Nabi karya Ahmad Tsouri (2015). Buku ini juga mendapat pengantar dari Habib Muhammad Lutfi bin Yahya.

Kitab NU Online mengutip dan menjelaskan seorang bernama Khaizuran (170 H/786 M). Ia adalah ibu dari Amirul Mukminin Musa al-Hadi dan al-Rasyid. Khaizuran datang ke Madinah dan memerintahkan penduduk untuk merayakan hari lahir Nabi atau Nabi Muhammad (saw). di Masjid Nabawi. Haizulan kemudian pergi ke Makkah dan membuat pengaturan yang sama bagi masyarakat Makkah untuk merayakan kelahiran Nabi Muhammad. Haizulan dari Madinah memerintahkan agar maulid Nabi dirayakan di masjid. Penduduk kerajaan Mekahnya tidak seperti negara mereka merayakan kelahiran nabi Muhammad Sawa. Haizulan dikenal sebagai tokoh penting dalam tiga kekhalifahan Abbasiyah yang dikenal sebagai Kekhalifahan – Mahdi bin Mansur Abbas (suami) Khalifah Hadi dan Khalifa Fa Rashid (putra).

Dengan pengaruh yang besar Khaizuran diizinkan untuk mengumpulkan masyarakat Muslim Arab bahkan untuk merayakan kelahiran Nabi Muhammad. Hal itu dilakukan agar ajaran keteladanan dan kepemimpinan mulia Nabi Muhammad SAW menginspirasi bangsa Arab dan umat Islam pada umumnya. Nabi Muhammad adalah anak dari Abdullah bin Abdul Muthalib dari Bani Hasim dan Amina binti Wahhab dari Bani Zuhra. Kompas.com melaporkan bahwa ada banyak teori tentang bulan dan tahun Maulid Nabi Muhammad. Namun pendapat yang umum dan mungkin adalah Haati atau 12 Rabiul Evwal Masehi. Ini tanggal 22 April. Saat itu Raja Abraha sedang bersiap untuk menyerang Kabah di Mekkah dengan kereta gajah. Tetapi kawanan burung Ababil dengan batu dari pembakaran bumi menghancurkan pasukan gajah yang gesit. Karena itulah pada waktu itu disebut tahun gajah. Abdullah meninggal ketika Amina hanya 2 bulan sebelum kelahiran Nabi Muhammad. Nabi menjadi buta karena kematian ayahnya.

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Tak lama setelah kelahirannya kakeknya Abdul Muthalib membawanya berkeliling Kabah untuk menunjukkan rasa terima kasihnya kepada Nabi. Dia menamainya Muhammad yang berarti terpuji. Menurut tradisi masyarakat Arab saat itu Nabi Muhammad SAW hijrah ke tempat yang sekarang disebut Masadia sebelum disapih. Menurut situs IAI N Nur Lampung saat berusia 6 tahun ibunya meninggal di rumah ayahnya yang jauh dari Yasrib atau Madinah. Nabi (saw) akhirnya tumbuh bersama Abdulmuthalib tetapi kakeknya meninggal ketika dia berusia 8 tahun. Nabi Muhammad diasuh oleh pamannya Abu Thalib hingga dewasa. Demikian sejarah singkat kelahiran nabi semoga membantu.

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